"FEL ŞI CHIP DE ORAŞE" . Sull’uso di un magiarismo della lingua romena nella storiografia e nell’archeologia medievali della Moldavia

The first historical contacts between Romanians and Hungarians go back to the moment of the penetration and the settlement of Magyars in Transylvania (Xth-XIth centuries). The sequent acquirement of Hungarian loan-words in Romanian is due to this relatively premature contact. The important word ‘oraș’ “city” belongs to the Grundwortschatz of Daco-Romanian, and it is originated from the mediaeval form of the mag. 'város' (“fortified place” > ”city”) which is considered an etnocultureme. ' Oraș’ is in partial and imperfect synonimical relationship with the erlier ‘tîrg/târg’ of Slavic origin, that means “city” but also and firstly “market, fair”. In place names ‘tîrg/târg’ is much more frequent as ‘oraș’. Romanian and Moldavian mediaeval historians can use in their works these two words depending on the ideological background of how they evaluate the Hungarian and Slavic influence on Romanian (Moldavian) social and cultural history. Two main examples are presented.