Artificial Intelligence has entered the lives of individuals and the dynamics of human relationships. After nearly a century of theoretical development, the conditions have been created for its entry into our daily lives. Until the last decade, the commonly used algorithms represented processes that faithfully reproduced completely predetermined human instructions. Today, through machine learning systems, computers are capable of. learning, detaching themselves from the programmer’s instructions, and acting autonomously. This book addresses how the law is addressing this change by creating a system of rules that define rights, duties, and powers in relationships mediated by algorithms, both traditional and based on machine learning. These pages focus on three areas of analysis. The first concerns transparency, and therefore the development of rules that prevent asymmetric knowledge about the content of algorithms from generating social imbalances. The second concerns non-discrimination, thus the legal community’s attention to the risk that algorithms may foster irrational and unjustified disparities in treatment. The third area of analysis is intellectual property, i.e. the establishment of a system of rules aimed at defining who owns the “creations” of artificial intelligence. This learning path follows the regulatory development process in the field of algorithm law, taking as its primary reference points two European Union legislative acts: the Digital Services Act (EU Regulation 2022/2065) and, above all, the Artificial Intelligence Act (EU Regulation 2024/1689), during the process of its content being incorporated into the Italian legal system through Law No. 132 of 23 September 2025, containing “Provisions and delegations to the Government on artificial intelligence”.
L'Intelligenza Artificiale è entrata nella vita degli individui e nelle dinamiche delle relazioni umane. Dopo quasi un secolo di sviluppo teorico, si sono create le condizioni per il suo ingresso nella nostra vita quotidiana. Fino all'ultimo decennio, gli algoritmi comunemente utilizzati rappresentavano processi che riproducevano fedelmente istruzioni umane completamente predeterminate. Oggi, attraverso i sistemi di apprendimento automatico, i computer sono in grado di apprendere, svincolandosi dalle istruzioni del programmatore e agendo in modo autonomo. Questo libro affronta come il diritto stia affrontando questo cambiamento creando un sistema di regole che definiscono diritti, doveri e poteri nelle relazioni mediate da algoritmi, sia tradizionali che basati sull'apprendimento automatico. Queste pagine si concentrano su tre aree di analisi. La prima riguarda la trasparenza, e quindi lo sviluppo di regole che impediscano che una conoscenza asimmetrica del contenuto degli algoritmi generi squilibri sociali. La seconda riguarda la non discriminazione, quindi l'attenzione della comunità giuridica al rischio che gli algoritmi possano favorire disparità di trattamento irrazionali e ingiustificate. Il terzo ambito di analisi è la proprietà intellettuale, ovvero l'istituzione di un sistema di regole volto a definire chi è titolare delle "creazioni" dell'intelligenza artificiale. Questo percorso formativo segue il processo di sviluppo normativo nel campo del diritto degli algoritmi, prendendo come principali punti di riferimento due atti legislativi dell'Unione Europea: il Digital Services Act (Regolamento UE 2022/2065) e, soprattutto, l'Artificial Intelligence Act (Regolamento UE 2024/1689), in fase di recepimento nell'ordinamento italiano attraverso la Legge n. 132 del 23 settembre 2025, recante "Disposizioni e deleghe al Governo in materia di intelligenza artificiale".
Algoritmi e diritti. Trasparenza, non-discriminazione e proprietà degli output dell’intelligenza artificiale
Daniele Marongiu
2025-01-01
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence has entered the lives of individuals and the dynamics of human relationships. After nearly a century of theoretical development, the conditions have been created for its entry into our daily lives. Until the last decade, the commonly used algorithms represented processes that faithfully reproduced completely predetermined human instructions. Today, through machine learning systems, computers are capable of. learning, detaching themselves from the programmer’s instructions, and acting autonomously. This book addresses how the law is addressing this change by creating a system of rules that define rights, duties, and powers in relationships mediated by algorithms, both traditional and based on machine learning. These pages focus on three areas of analysis. The first concerns transparency, and therefore the development of rules that prevent asymmetric knowledge about the content of algorithms from generating social imbalances. The second concerns non-discrimination, thus the legal community’s attention to the risk that algorithms may foster irrational and unjustified disparities in treatment. The third area of analysis is intellectual property, i.e. the establishment of a system of rules aimed at defining who owns the “creations” of artificial intelligence. This learning path follows the regulatory development process in the field of algorithm law, taking as its primary reference points two European Union legislative acts: the Digital Services Act (EU Regulation 2022/2065) and, above all, the Artificial Intelligence Act (EU Regulation 2024/1689), during the process of its content being incorporated into the Italian legal system through Law No. 132 of 23 September 2025, containing “Provisions and delegations to the Government on artificial intelligence”.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Daniele Marongiu Algoritmi e Diritti 2025
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