In recent years, Italian archaeology has undergone a transformation that has led to the recognition of its public dimension as a structural component of the discipline. Communication, participation, and community involvement are no longer marginal aspects but decisive factors for the sustainability of research and for its social legitimacy. Public archaeology emerges as a response to a rapidly changing society, able to combine theoretical approaches with practical applications and to connect local and global dimensions. Compared with the Anglo-Saxon model, the Italian path shows its peculiarity: a predominantly bot- tom-up process, driven by widespread experiences and small-scale projects. Public archaeology already demonstrates positive outcomes: the strengthening of collective identities, the shared enhancement of heritage, the growth of microeconomies linked to sustainable tourism, and broader social consensus around the discipline. Yet new challenges are also emerging: the role of citizen science in archaeology, regulatory limits, the balance with cultural tourism, and the definition of training and management protocols. Media play a significant role: radio, video, and digital platforms can strengthen the relationship with audiences, but only if archaeologists take direct responsibility for ensuring rigor and credibility. At the same time, heritage protection and the fight against archaeological crimes, through the work of the Carabinieri TPC (cultural heritage protection) Unit, represent a specifically Italian dimension, while international missions con- firm the value of archaeology as an instrument of cultural diplomacy. Beyond its pioneering phase, archaeology today must cultivate its relationship with society; in parallel, public archaeology aspires to become a form of “normal science” destined to shape research practices, communication, and the restitution of heritage to communities.
Negli ultimi anni l’archeologia italiana ha conosciuto una trasformazione che ha portato al riconoscimento della dimensione pubblica come componente strutturale della disciplina. Comunicazione, partecipazione e coinvolgimento delle comunità non sono più aspetti marginali, ma fattori decisivi per la sostenibilità della ricerca e per la sua legittimazione sociale. L’archeologia pubblica si presenta come risposta a una società in rapido cambiamento, capace di integrare approcci teorici e pratiche operative e di connettere le dimensioni locali e globali. Il confronto con il modello anglosassone evidenzia la peculiarità italiana: un percorso prevalentemente dal basso, alimentato da esperienze diffuse e progetti di piccola scala. L’archeologia pubblica appare in grado di produrre vari effetti positivi: rafforzamento delle identità collettive, valorizzazione condivisa del patrimonio, sviluppo di micro economie legate a un turismo sostenibile, maggiore consenso sociale intorno alla disciplina. Emergono, però, nuove sfide: il ruolo della citizen science in campo archeologico, i limiti normativi, l’equilibrio con il turismo culturale, la definizione di protocolli formativi e gestionali. Un ruolo rilevante è svolto dai media: radio, video e piattaforme digitali possono rafforzare il rapporto con i pubblici, ma solo se vi è un impegno diretto degli archeologi a garantire rigore e credibilità. Parallelamente, la tutela del patrimonio e il contrasto ai crimini archeologici, con l’azione del Comando Carabinieri Tutela Patrimonio Culturale (TPC), rappresentano una specifica declinazione italiana, mentre le missioni all’estero confermano il valore della disciplina come strumento di diplomazia culturale. Superata la fase pionieristica, oggi la cura del rapporto con la società è una prospettiva complessiva dell’archeologia; l’archeologia pubblica, di pari passo, aspira a divenire una “scienza normale” destinata a incidere sul modo di fare ricerca, comunicare e restituire il patrimonio alle comunità.
Archeologia pubblica, comunicazione, partecipazione e comunità
Fabio Pinna
2025-01-01
Abstract
In recent years, Italian archaeology has undergone a transformation that has led to the recognition of its public dimension as a structural component of the discipline. Communication, participation, and community involvement are no longer marginal aspects but decisive factors for the sustainability of research and for its social legitimacy. Public archaeology emerges as a response to a rapidly changing society, able to combine theoretical approaches with practical applications and to connect local and global dimensions. Compared with the Anglo-Saxon model, the Italian path shows its peculiarity: a predominantly bot- tom-up process, driven by widespread experiences and small-scale projects. Public archaeology already demonstrates positive outcomes: the strengthening of collective identities, the shared enhancement of heritage, the growth of microeconomies linked to sustainable tourism, and broader social consensus around the discipline. Yet new challenges are also emerging: the role of citizen science in archaeology, regulatory limits, the balance with cultural tourism, and the definition of training and management protocols. Media play a significant role: radio, video, and digital platforms can strengthen the relationship with audiences, but only if archaeologists take direct responsibility for ensuring rigor and credibility. At the same time, heritage protection and the fight against archaeological crimes, through the work of the Carabinieri TPC (cultural heritage protection) Unit, represent a specifically Italian dimension, while international missions con- firm the value of archaeology as an instrument of cultural diplomacy. Beyond its pioneering phase, archaeology today must cultivate its relationship with society; in parallel, public archaeology aspires to become a form of “normal science” destined to shape research practices, communication, and the restitution of heritage to communities.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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