Paesaggio e trasformazione. Metodologie di lettura e valutazione per nuovi modelli organizzativi

The thesis explores the link between project and landscape from the point of view of the evaluation methodologies of the landscape quality and on the grounds of the contemporary debate and the different cultural and legislative attitudes to the topic. Beginning from the definition of the word, which has its origin in the studies of geographical disciplines of the XIX century, the landscape is no longer a simple object of the aesthetical perception, but a complex category founded on a variety of different factors which all contribute to its definition: strictly “scientific” factors, pertaining to a vast range of established disciplines, and so-called “cultural” factors combining the historical, social, economic aspects which are the result of the indissoluble relation between man and environment. The landscape represents the complexity of reality, an interpretative cultural category that units and adds a variety of aspects, traces, material and immaterial elements determined by the processes and the actions that over the centuries changed the territory. Against the remark, on the one end, of the processes of transformation to which are continuously submitted the contemporary landscapes which, by creating a crisis of the model that historically accompanies their development and the transformations, nowadays reveal a situation deeply compromised of the Italian context and, on the other end, of the weakness of the traditional instruments of planning which are no longer adequate to the interpretation and the management of the complexity of the transformation processes caused by the present phase of globalization, the research analyzes the potentiality of the landscape role as an instrument of transformation and main motor of the territorial policies trough the identification of instruments and methods aimed at the construction of parameters and criteria for the implementation of new organizational models of the territory. While we register a rising sensitization towards the implementation of a sustainable development of the territory, the promotion of the cultural heritage and the recognition of the local identities, only today has a need emerged of methodologies and innovative models able to interpret at different scales and in different contexts the principles inherent in the international convention and to give appropriate policies for the regeneration and the rehabilitation of landscapes that are often damaged. Definition of a rigorous methodology for the study of landscape, supported by the experimental application in some processes especially significant and exemplary in the Italian context, offers objective criteria and elements for assessment of the main factors and policies contributing to the development of sustainable models of organisation of the territory and is therefore an innovative tool to the application of the European Convention and thereby can become a valid support to indicate a direction for the action and evolution of the dynamics of the transformation processes of the landscape.