Toward A Micrometeorological Assessment Of Agrivoltaic Farms: A Feature Tracking Velocimetry-Based Analysis

We investigate the flow dynamics around a model of an array of photovoltaic panels via laboratory experiments conducted in a water channel. The model farm consists of transparent polycarbonate panels with varying tilt angles, simulating different configurations typical of agrivoltaic systems. Velocities are measured using a feature tracking velocimetry technique. Results reveal distinct flow structures depending on the tilt angle of the panels and the distance between them, with varying numbers of recirculation regions observed. An increase in the distance between panels stretches the recirculation regions along the streamwise direction. Turbulent kinetic energy is more intense with negative tilt angles, and upstream turbulence penetrates more between panels. These findings suggest different transport and heat transfer properties, particularly relevant for tracker PV arrays that adjust tilt angles throughout the day. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for optimizing the design and operation of agrivoltaic farms to maximize energy production while minimizing impacts on agricultural productivity and the surrounding environment.