Assessment of ecosystem services values of nature-based solutions in nitrate vulnerable zones: the case of Arborea

This paper presents a social cost benefit analysis of a Forested Infiltration Area (FIA) pilot project implemented in the Arborea plain, a Nitrate Vulnerable Zone in Sardinia, Italy, to reduce nitrate pollution from agriculture. The objective of the study is to provide a framework for assessment of alternative interventions to mitigate water pollution in the area. The Benefit Transfer approach is applied to assess non-market values associated with specific Ecosystem Services (ES). The analysis shows that the project proves to be sustainable from a socio-economic point of view in the long term. The findings highlight the importance of adopting an integrated valuation framework that captures the full range of benefits provided by Nature-based Solutions. Recommendations are made for future large-scale implementations to include additional ES in the project design to improve the socioeconomic sustainability of the interventions.