J/psi azimuthal anisotropy relative to the reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon

The J/psi azimuthal distribution relative to the reaction plane has been measured by the NA50 experiment in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 GeV/nucleon. Various physical mechanisms related to charmonium dissociation in the medium created in the heavy ion collision are expected to introduce an anisotropy in the azimuthal distribution of the observed J/psi mesons at SPS energies. Hence, the measurement of J/psi elliptic anisotropy, quantified by the Fourier coefficient v (2) of the J/psi azimuthal distribution relative to the reaction plane, is an important tool to constrain theoretical models aimed at explaining the anomalous J/psi suppression observed in Pb-Pb collisions. We present the measured J/psi yields in different bins of azimuthal angle relative to the reaction plane, as well as the resulting values of the Fourier coefficient v (2) as a function of the collision centrality and of the J/psi transverse momentum. The reaction plane has been estimated from the azimuthal distribution of the neutral transverse energy detected in an electromagnetic calorimeter. The analysis has been performed on a data sample of about 100 000 events, distributed in five centrality or p (T) sub-samples. The extracted v (2) values are significantly larger than zero for non-central collisions and are seen to increase with p (T).