Development of the Italian version of the 42-item Chronic Pain Coping Inventory, CPCI-I: cross-cultural adaptation, factor analysis, reliability and validity

The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Italian version of the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory (CPCI) and validate the translation in subjects with chronic non-specific pain of the locomotor system. The questionnaire was developed following international recommendations. The psychometric analyses included factor analysis, reliability by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability (intraclass coefficient correlation, ICC), and construct validity by calculating the correlations between the subscales of the CPCI with measures of pain (numerical rating scale, NRS), disability (SIP-Roland Scale) and depression (CES-D) (Pearson's correlation). The CPCI was satisfactorily administered to 270 subjects with chronic non-specific pain. Results of confirmatory factor analyses revealed that, of the CPCI-I 8 subscales, 6 demonstrated good data-model fit (CFI and NFI a parts per thousand yen0.90, RMSEA a parts per thousand currency sign0.08). Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory in all of the subscales (0.71-0.80); the ICCs were good/excellent in all of the subscales (0.80-0.91). The correlations with the NRS, SIP-Roland and CES-D were poor in most cases as only the CPCI-Guarding subscale moderately correlated with disability (r = 0.31). The CPCI was successfully translated into Italian and proved to have a good factorial structure and psychometric properties similar to the original and adapted versions. The use of the Italian version of the CPCI is recommended for clinical and research purposes