Il contributo del geodesign all’integrazione della Valutazione Ambientale Strategica nel processo di piano

During the last decades, sustainability has become a key concept in territorial development policies, leading to formulate a new approach to spatial planning. The dissertation investigates how geodesign, intended as a novel methodological approach to decision-making informed by territorial knowledge, may contribute to address some of the most urgent issues of the contemporary spatial planning, as required by the introduction of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in Europe. As a matter of fact, SEA promotes a significant methodological innovation in the plan-making process aiming at enriching it with environmental considerations and public participation, but the actualization of these opportunities is linked to the understanding of the process by the involved actors, to the availability of methods and tools to effectively put them into action and to the presence of a strong regulatory framework. The methodology is developed according to three main analyses. First, the geodesign framework has been used as a tool to analyze the completeness of the information contained in the legislation framework and in planning practices for the Sardinian regional context (Italy), both in terms of process and in terms of tools and methods to carry out the necessary analyses. Secondly, the planning process, as described in the Sardinian SEA Guidelines, has been shaped in a workflow by the use of the Business Process Model and Notation, to improve a common understanding of the activities to be carried out, the methods and tools to implement them and the stakeholders to be involved, and also in order to identify possible lacks. Finally, a case study oriented to design possible future scenarios for the Cagliari Metropolitan Area has been analysed, in order to explore in practice the potential of the geodesign methodological approach to develop both environmental savvy decision-making and efficient collaboration processes. In the light of the comparisons and the analysis of the case study carried out, the geodesign approach proved to be deeply consistent with the methodological enrichment to the planning process introduced in Europe by the SEA and the technologic innovation introduced by the INSPIRE Directive, and it is able to provide a valid support to bring innovation into planning practices.