Management of Patients Taking Oral Anticoagulants Who Need Urgent Surgery for Hip Fracture

The number of hip fractures in anticoagulated patients is predicted to increase, due to people living longer. However, evidence regarding urgent perioperative management of elderly patients with hip fracture who take oral anticoagulants (vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants) is scarce. In this article, the authors present a narrative review of the evidence to date supporting the urgent management of hip fracture in anticoagulated elderly patients. They discuss the complexity of managing the high risk of procedure-related bleeding and, at the same time, the high risk of thromboembolism. The role of a bridging procedure and the best strategy of anticoagulation reversal are also reviewed. Further studies are required to improve the evidence in urgent surgery, especially in frail elderly patients.