Politiche e strumenti per la reinterpretazione dei paesaggi produttivi estrattivi in ambito costiero: la Sardegna come caso di studio nel contesto euro-mediterraneo

The research deals with the subject of protection, development and reuse of disused extraction landscapes; the overall aim is to develop policies and tools for the reinterpretation of these areas through proposals which are able to take the opportunities arising from a systemic and interdisciplinary approach. The study analyzes both ancient and modern quarries, in accordance with the definition suggested by the research and highlights, through context analysis, the different methodological approaches aimed at tackling the main issues of the disused quarry sites. The sphere of analysis is that of coastal areas, with particular reference to the situation in Sardinia. The regional case of study, and the specific case of the city of Cagliari, allow to contextualise the planning scenario, offering the opportunity to verify the effectiveness of policies and tools which are already in place and to define new operational proposals. The experiences analysed provide the elements needed to set up guidelines, designed as support instruments for the policies for reinterpretation of the quarry areas. The guidelines are put together using a multi-criteria evaluation model based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) (Saaty, 1980, 1988, 2001); this experimentation uses a scientific method and guarantees the identification of functional criteria for the definition of intervention priorities and long-term policies to be implemented in disused areas. The sites under examination are characterized by the presence of features related to the extractive history which deserve to be valued even if the quarries have ceased their activity in recent years. The research codifies existing policies and tools which support the reinterpretation of the quarry areas, the critical issues related to the processes, the opportunities arising from the scenario which has been analysed, and missed opportunities. The problematic issues which are found are addressed by proposals aimed at encouraging the paths of intervention in quarry sites and formulating policies and tools in structured paths. These proposals are aimed at outlining scenarios which are compatible with the territorial dynamics in place, and with renewed principles of protection and enhancement of the landscape, in order to overcome the fragmentation of the planning framework that emerges clearly from the performed context analysis.