Providing Personal Care to Patients: The Role of Nursing Students' Emotional Labor

Providing personal care may be a source of emotional difficulties and negative feelings for students interacting with patients during their first clinical placement. This study was done to describe the role of emotional strategies for first year nursing students providing personal care to patients and the relationship of these strategies to students' emotional exhaustion, self-efficacy, and turnover intention. A self-reported questionnaire was administrated to a convenience sample of 226 first-year undergraduate nursing students attending their first clinical placement in one Italian University hospital. Results suggested a positive link between students' cognitive re-evaluation of their experiences and their self-perceived self-efficacy. Attentional deployment was the strongest antecedent of emotional exhaustion. Emotional dissonance was the primary contributor to students' turnover intention. Emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between emotional dissonance and turnover intention. This research suggested that there are emotional coping strategies useful for protecting student nurses from emotional exhaustion and turnover intention and that these strategies are positively related to students' self-perceived self-efficacy in providing personal care.