It is well known that the various forms of future tense are very changeable in many languages of the world. It is assumed that, for Indo-European languages this is due to the loss of an original synthetic form subsequently replaced by different structures aimed at expressing this temporal deixis. These structures often added modal values - originally conveyed by the auxiliary forms used for the construction of periphrasis - to the temporal reference. Therefore, it is probable that also the modal origin of these new temporal forms has determined their instability and continuous change. The present paper describes some forms of future tense in the Slavic of Molise (SLM), a Croatian minority language in contact with Romance varieties of Southern Italy. On the basis of the data collected in two SLM communities, the role of the Romance contact languages in the evolution of the different forms of future has been highlighted. Two forms of future tense that have a model in Italian and in the dialect variety of the region have been added to the periphrasis with the auxiliary 'want' brought from the Balkan area of origin: the periphrastic form with the auxiliary 'have’ / ‘have to' and the form of the present indicative. However, this system, is not stable: the change in the use of different linguistic varieties of the repertoire (both by communities and by single speakers) modified the functional distribution of the three forms of future tense. The aim of the present work is to describe the current conditions of use of the different forms of future tense and to provide an explanation to the process of change underway.
È noto che le forme di futuro sono assai mutevoli in molte lingue del mondo. Per le lingue indeuropee si ipotizza che la ragione vada cercata nella perdita di una forma sintetica originaria successivamente sostituita da diverse strutture volte ad esprimere questa deissi temporale. Le strutture utilizzate a questo scopo hanno spesso aggiunto al riferimento temporale diversi valori modali, originariamente veicolati dalle forme ausiliarie utilizzate per la costruzione delle perifrasi. È probabile, dunque, che anche l’origine modale di queste nuove forme temporali ne abbia determinato l’instabilità e ne faciliti il continuo mutamento. In questo contributo sono descritte alcune forme di futuro nello Slavo del Molise (SLM), lingua minoritaria croata in prolungato contatto con varietà romanze dell’Italia meridionale. Sulla base dei dati raccolti in due comunità SLM si è messo in evidenza il ruolo delle lingue romanze di contatto nella evoluzione delle diverse forme di futuro. Nello SLM la perifrasi con l’ausiliare ‘volere’, originaria dell’area balcanica di provenienza, è stata affiancata da forme che trovano un modello nell’italiano e nel dialetto romanzo della regione: una forma perifrastica con l’ausiliare ‘avere/dovere’ e la forma del presente indicativo. Il sistema, però, non è stabile: al cambiamento di condizioni di uso delle diverse varietà linguistiche del repertorio (da parte delle comunità e dei singoli parlanti) le tre forme di futuro hanno visto modificata la loro distribuzione funzionale. Scopo di questo lavoro è descrivere le condizioni d’uso attuali delle diverse forme di futuro e fornire una spiegazione del processo di mutamento in atto.
La riorganizzazione del sistema verbale nello Slavo del Molise. Su alcune forme di futuro
Antonietta Marra
2019-01-01
Abstract
It is well known that the various forms of future tense are very changeable in many languages of the world. It is assumed that, for Indo-European languages this is due to the loss of an original synthetic form subsequently replaced by different structures aimed at expressing this temporal deixis. These structures often added modal values - originally conveyed by the auxiliary forms used for the construction of periphrasis - to the temporal reference. Therefore, it is probable that also the modal origin of these new temporal forms has determined their instability and continuous change. The present paper describes some forms of future tense in the Slavic of Molise (SLM), a Croatian minority language in contact with Romance varieties of Southern Italy. On the basis of the data collected in two SLM communities, the role of the Romance contact languages in the evolution of the different forms of future has been highlighted. Two forms of future tense that have a model in Italian and in the dialect variety of the region have been added to the periphrasis with the auxiliary 'want' brought from the Balkan area of origin: the periphrastic form with the auxiliary 'have’ / ‘have to' and the form of the present indicative. However, this system, is not stable: the change in the use of different linguistic varieties of the repertoire (both by communities and by single speakers) modified the functional distribution of the three forms of future tense. The aim of the present work is to describe the current conditions of use of the different forms of future tense and to provide an explanation to the process of change underway.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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