The article aims to analyze the impact of the new rules which concern the "accrual basis" rules, ie provisions that aim to identify the tax period in which an element of income must contribute to determining the tax base and the administrative penalties on their possible violation. In particular, after the reforms of the 1950s, in consideration of the autonomy of the tax periods, the formalistic view of the system meant that every violation of the rules of accrual basis corresponded to a violation of the principle of ability to pay pursuant to art. 53 Cost. As a result of recent legislative changes, if, in the specific case, no damage has been caused to the Treasury because of a violation of the accrual basis rules, the conduct does not entail repayment of the lower taxes paid and, in susbstance, it is not punishable by administrative sanctions If, in fact, in the face of a violation of the rules of accrual basis, the minor tax paid in the period in which the income component has not been declared has generated a corresponding greater tax burden in another period due to the declaration of this element, no payment of evaded taxes is due and conduct can be sanctioned administratively with a fixed sum of 250 euros and no more with a sum equal to 90% of the tax avoided (administrative tax penalties related to the unfaithful declaration). Moreover, these provisions have been included in context in which this error is generally sanctioned (in an administrative way) to a lesser extent than the unfaithful declaration (equal to 1/3) and, in itself, not implies penal consequences, unless the conduct has been implemented as part of a fraud. This regulatory evolution is grafted onto a path now undertaken by the Italian tax system and the punitive system that revolves around the substance of the phenomenon, rather than the form and which, according to the author, will have the effect of pushing greater compliance by the taxable person, overcoming the traditional (rigid) formalism which resulted in a significant amount of tax litigation and, consequently, uncertainty over tax revenue.
L’articolo ha lo scopo di analizzare l’impatto delle nuove regole, sostanziali e sanzionatorie, che riguardano la c.d. “competenza economica”, ossia delle disposizioni che hanno lo scopo di individuare il periodo di imposta in cui un elemento di reddito deve concorrere a determinare la base imponibile e di sanzionare la loro eventuale violazione. In particolare, dopo le riforme degli anni ’50, in considerazione dell’autonomina dei periodi di imposta, la visione formalistica del sistema faceva si che ogni violazione delle regole della competenza economica corrispondesse a una violazione del principio di capacità contributiva ai sensi dell’art. 53 Cost. Per effetto delle recenti novità legislative, l’errata imputazione temporale di un elemento di reddito non comporta più il recupero di imposta e la sanzionabilità della condotta se, nel caso concreto, non si sia procurato alcun danno all’Erario. Se, infatti, a fronte di una violazione delle regole della competenza la minore imposta versata nel periodo in cui il componente di reddito non è stato dichiarato ha generato una corrispondente maggiore imposizione in altro periodo per effetto della dichiarazione di tale elemento, non solo non si procede al recupero dell’imposta, ma la condotta è sanzionabile in via amministrativa con una somma fissa pari a 250 euro e non più con una somma pari al 90% del tributo alla strega della dichiarazione infedele. Peraltro, queste disposizioni sono state inserite in un contesto normativo in cui tale l’errore sulla competenza è generalmente sanzionato (in via amministrativa) in misura ridotta rispetto all’infedele dichiarazione (pari ad un 1/3) e, di per sé, non comporta alcuna conseguenza penale, salvo la condotta non sia stata attuata nell’ambito di una frode. Tale evoluzione normativa si innesta in un percorso oramai intrapreso dall’ordinamento tributario e del sistema punitivo che ruota intorno alla sostanza del fenomeno, anziché alla forma e che, ad avviso dell’autore, avrà l’effetto di spingere verso una maggiore condivisione degli obiettivi della funzione di accertamento e quindi di una maggiore compliance da parte del soggetto passivo, superando il tradizionale (rigido) formalismo che ha generato una notevole mole di contenzioso e, di conseguenza, una forte incertezza sull’ammontare del gettito.
La competenza economica tra i principi contabili e il sistema sanzionatorio: la prevalenza della sostanza sulla forma
PODDIGHE, A.
2019-01-01
Abstract
The article aims to analyze the impact of the new rules which concern the "accrual basis" rules, ie provisions that aim to identify the tax period in which an element of income must contribute to determining the tax base and the administrative penalties on their possible violation. In particular, after the reforms of the 1950s, in consideration of the autonomy of the tax periods, the formalistic view of the system meant that every violation of the rules of accrual basis corresponded to a violation of the principle of ability to pay pursuant to art. 53 Cost. As a result of recent legislative changes, if, in the specific case, no damage has been caused to the Treasury because of a violation of the accrual basis rules, the conduct does not entail repayment of the lower taxes paid and, in susbstance, it is not punishable by administrative sanctions If, in fact, in the face of a violation of the rules of accrual basis, the minor tax paid in the period in which the income component has not been declared has generated a corresponding greater tax burden in another period due to the declaration of this element, no payment of evaded taxes is due and conduct can be sanctioned administratively with a fixed sum of 250 euros and no more with a sum equal to 90% of the tax avoided (administrative tax penalties related to the unfaithful declaration). Moreover, these provisions have been included in context in which this error is generally sanctioned (in an administrative way) to a lesser extent than the unfaithful declaration (equal to 1/3) and, in itself, not implies penal consequences, unless the conduct has been implemented as part of a fraud. This regulatory evolution is grafted onto a path now undertaken by the Italian tax system and the punitive system that revolves around the substance of the phenomenon, rather than the form and which, according to the author, will have the effect of pushing greater compliance by the taxable person, overcoming the traditional (rigid) formalism which resulted in a significant amount of tax litigation and, consequently, uncertainty over tax revenue.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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