During the Bronze Age, in many Western Mediterranean areas (Spain, France, Italian peninsula, islands), we can observe the development of a series of fortified centers and structures, often on high places, aimed to the defense of strategic locations and resources. These fortifications, which began to be built from the Copper Age, are the answer to a need for possession and control of the territory linked to a greater degree of social complexity, with an ever-increasing hierarchy and the rise to power of persons or groups who very often show the possession of weapons and, consequently, can be related to warlike activities. In Sardinia, Nuragic phenomenon developed during Protohistoy: an extraordinary culture ranging from the Middle to Late Bronze Age (XVIII-XII centuries BC), some of whose features could last from Final Bronze Age until the beginnings of Iron Age (XI-VIII centuries BC), characterized by the building of great monuments, especially nuraghi, cyclopean-type constructions similar to towers. These great buildings have multiple functions, but in particular were used to surveil the whole island territory. We have mainly carried out different GIS analyzes on different sample areas with the aim to reading the visual-perceptive aspects and to try to research about the relationship between settlements and territory and the mobility systems across different territories through the applying of the least-cost path analysis. Reconstruction of certain characteristics of Sardinian Protohistoric Landscape in these areas is achieved. GIS-based analysis show how these territorial control systems, consisting of several nuraghi and settlements, were intended to control the most important natural and economic resources and transit routes.
Durante l'età del Bronzo, in molte aree del Mediterraneo occidentale (Spagna, Francia, penisola italiana, isole), possiamo osservare lo sviluppo di una serie di centri e strutture fortificate, spesso su luoghi elevati, finalizzato alla difesa di posizioni e risorse strategiche. Queste fortificazioni, che iniziarono ad essere costruite a partire dall'età del Rame, sono la risposta a un'esigenza di possesso e controllo del territorio legata a un grado maggiore di complessità sociale, con una gerarchia sempre crescente e l'ascesa al potere di persone o gruppi che molto spesso mostrano il possesso di armi e, di conseguenza, possono essere messi in relazione ad attività belliche. In Sardegna, il fenomeno nuragico si sviluppò durante la Protostoria: una straordinaria cultura che va dal Bronzo Medio al Bronzo Recente (XVIII-XII secolo a.C.), i cui tratti sembrerebbero perdurare anche nel Bronzo Finale fino agli inizi dell'età del Ferro (XI-VIII secolo a.C.), caratterizzata dalla costruzione di grandi monumenti, in particolare nuraghi, costruzioni di tipo ciclopico simili a torri. Questi grandi edifici hanno molteplici funzioni, ma in particolare servivano a sorvegliare l'intero territorio insulare. Abbiamo principalmente condotto numerose analisi GIS su diverse aree campione, con l'obiettivo di analizzare gli aspetti visivo-percettivi e di provare a ricercare la relazione tra insediamenti e territorio e i sistemi di mobilità attraverso diversi territori, per mezzo dell'applicazione dell'analisi del percorso a costo minimo. Si è ottenuta la ricostruzione di alcune caratteristiche del paesaggio protostorico sardo in queste aree. L'analisi basata su GIS mostra come questi sistemi di controllo territoriale, costituiti da diversi nuraghi e insediamenti, fossero destinati a controllare le più importanti risorse naturali ed economiche e le vie di transito.
Protohistoric landscapes in Sardinia (Italy): territorial control and exploitation of natural resources in the Middle and Late Bronze ages = Paisajes protohistóricos en Cerdeña (Italia): Control territorial y explotación de recursos naturales en las edades del Bronce Pleno y Tardío
R. Cicilloni
Primo
;M. Cabras;
2021-01-01
Abstract
During the Bronze Age, in many Western Mediterranean areas (Spain, France, Italian peninsula, islands), we can observe the development of a series of fortified centers and structures, often on high places, aimed to the defense of strategic locations and resources. These fortifications, which began to be built from the Copper Age, are the answer to a need for possession and control of the territory linked to a greater degree of social complexity, with an ever-increasing hierarchy and the rise to power of persons or groups who very often show the possession of weapons and, consequently, can be related to warlike activities. In Sardinia, Nuragic phenomenon developed during Protohistoy: an extraordinary culture ranging from the Middle to Late Bronze Age (XVIII-XII centuries BC), some of whose features could last from Final Bronze Age until the beginnings of Iron Age (XI-VIII centuries BC), characterized by the building of great monuments, especially nuraghi, cyclopean-type constructions similar to towers. These great buildings have multiple functions, but in particular were used to surveil the whole island territory. We have mainly carried out different GIS analyzes on different sample areas with the aim to reading the visual-perceptive aspects and to try to research about the relationship between settlements and territory and the mobility systems across different territories through the applying of the least-cost path analysis. Reconstruction of certain characteristics of Sardinian Protohistoric Landscape in these areas is achieved. GIS-based analysis show how these territorial control systems, consisting of several nuraghi and settlements, were intended to control the most important natural and economic resources and transit routes.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
198. Cicilloni et alii CPAG 31.pdf
accesso aperto
Tipologia:
versione editoriale (VoR)
Dimensione
4.67 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
4.67 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.