Technological evolution accompanies latently the modernization of the transport sector. The pervasiveness of ICT unfolds its effects at the urban level, where since the 2000s has stimulated sharing economy practices and the implementation of smart cities to increase livability, to guarantee the exercise of individual rights as those at work, education, health, and reduce the environmental criticalities related to congestion and pollution. On the one hand, the modernization of local public transport services intercepts the renewed mobility needs of citizens, aimed at the efficiency of services, the intermodality of means of transport and the integration of public and private services, as well as the use of digital platforms that provide personalized information services - mostly private - for travel planning and tariff integration. On the other hand, however, the objectives outlined in the PNRR trigger a profound rethinking of the traditional paradigms of urban mobility and public services, laying the foundations, also on the national scene, for the widespread of “Mobility as a Service” (MaaS). This innovative paradigm, in marking the transition from transport to mobility, leads us to reflect on the configurability of new specific rights, such as the right to mobility. For these reasons, this work aims to investigate the impact of the PNRR in the local public transport sector, in order to evaluate the main technological innovations and the most relevant legal implications of “MaaS”, as well as to discover new “urban rights”
L’evoluzione tecnologica accompagna latente e con crescente importanza la modernizzazione del settore dei trasporti. La pervasività dell’ICT dispiega i suoi effetti soprattutto a livello urbano, ove sin dagli anni Duemila ha stimolato le pratiche di sharing economy e favorito l’implementazione delle smart cities per accrescere la vivibilità, garantire l’esercizio di diritti individuali come quelli al lavoro, all’istruzione, alla salute, e ridurre le criticità ambientali connesse alla congestione ed all’inquinamento. Per un verso, la modernizzazione dei servizi di trasporto pubblico locale intercetta le rinnovate esigenze di mobilità dei cittadini, protesi all’efficienza dei servizi, all’ intermodalità dei mezzi di trasporto e all’integrazione di servizi pubblici e privati, nonché all’uso di piattaforme digitali che erogano servizi personalizzati d’informa zione – per lo più privati – per la pianificazione degli spostamenti e l’integrazione tariffaria. Al contempo, gli obiettivi delineati nel PNRR innescano un profondo ripensamento dei tradizionali paradigmi della mobilità urbana e dei servizi pubblici, ponendo le basi per lo sviluppo, anche nel panorama nazionale, del “Mobility as a Service” (MaaS). Tale paradigma innovativo, nel segnare il passaggio dal trasporto alla mobilità, induce a riflettere sulla configurabilità di nuovi peculiari diritti, come il diritto alla mobilità. Per tali ragioni, il presente lavoro mira ad indagare l’incidenza del PNRR nel settore del trasporto pubblico locale, al fine di valutarne le principali innovazioni tecnologiche e le più rilevanti implicazioni giuridiche del nuovo paradigma del “Mobility as a service”, nonché per valutare l’emersione di nuovi “diritti urbani”.
La smart mobility nell’era del PNRR. Nuovi Diritti di cittadinanza “urbana” digitale?
Alessia Palladino
2023-01-01
Abstract
Technological evolution accompanies latently the modernization of the transport sector. The pervasiveness of ICT unfolds its effects at the urban level, where since the 2000s has stimulated sharing economy practices and the implementation of smart cities to increase livability, to guarantee the exercise of individual rights as those at work, education, health, and reduce the environmental criticalities related to congestion and pollution. On the one hand, the modernization of local public transport services intercepts the renewed mobility needs of citizens, aimed at the efficiency of services, the intermodality of means of transport and the integration of public and private services, as well as the use of digital platforms that provide personalized information services - mostly private - for travel planning and tariff integration. On the other hand, however, the objectives outlined in the PNRR trigger a profound rethinking of the traditional paradigms of urban mobility and public services, laying the foundations, also on the national scene, for the widespread of “Mobility as a Service” (MaaS). This innovative paradigm, in marking the transition from transport to mobility, leads us to reflect on the configurability of new specific rights, such as the right to mobility. For these reasons, this work aims to investigate the impact of the PNRR in the local public transport sector, in order to evaluate the main technological innovations and the most relevant legal implications of “MaaS”, as well as to discover new “urban rights”| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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