A Decision-Support Framework for Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Adaptation and Mitigation

The study developed a framework that integrates multicriteria land suitability analysis with a decision-support tool to guide funding allocation and the spatialization of nature-based solutions (NbS) at the regional scale. The approach prioritized areas most affected by climate change impacts, environmental pressures, and conditions of exposure and vulnerability. Focusing on urban contexts, the study highlights NbS as a central strategy for sustainable development and climate change adaptation and mitigation. The proposed framework was designed as a replicable tool to support the identification of suitable areas for NbS implementation, ensuring the efficient use of financial resources; maximizing environmental, social, and economic benefits; and enabling transparent and informed decision-making. The framework was applied to a case study in Sardinia, Italy. The findings confirm its relevance for the spatialization of public policies and for enabling the integration of mitigation and adaptation strategies into urban and territorial planning.