Distribution Systems as Catalysts for Energy Transition Embedding Flexibility in Large-Scale Applications

Reaching the European climate target is a complex and multifaceted challenge that involves different sectors and requires coordinated efforts at various levels. Increasing the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix and the electrification of final energy uses in all sectors represent viable solutions for the energy transition. Distribution networks are expected to be strongly influenced by and influence such transformation while withstanding progressively increasing climate impacts, and this will require a revolution at the Power System level, starting from the planning phase. The future roadmap of a power distribution system shall include not exclusively network upgrades but also non-network solutions focusing on operation strategies exploiting the flexibility gathered from distributed energy resources. To design new transition-ready planning tools for distribution systems able to consider these aspects, the role of flexibility has been analyzed on a real-world, large-scale test case characterized by a high number of connection requests and an expected high yearly electrification rate. Stress has been put on correctly assessing the value of flexibility in planning the distribution system development. One of the most important findings is that flexibility can be a valid option in helping grid management but, most importantly, an opportunity to reconsider planning by applying a new revolutionary risk-oriented approach that may lead to modify the way distribution grids have been planned and operated so far. This emerges as the disruptive value of local flexibility utilization, besides the engagement of all players, that is necessary for the completion of the energy transition.